Climate change and global warming are severe and persistent issues affecting global society. The primary cause of climate change and global warming is the excessive imbalance of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, a direct result of human behavior involving wasteful and extravagant consumption of natural resources and energy. This includes fuel combustion in transportation and household consumption.

The problems and impacts of global warming are critical and urgent, requiring collaborative efforts from everyone to address and resolve them. There are two main approaches to tackling these impacts: reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere (Mitigation) and adapting to climate change (Adaptation). While both approaches can provide some solutions, the most effective and sustainable solution lies in changing human behavior, as this can yield positive long-term results.

Therefore, calculating an organization’s carbon footprint is a concept for measuring greenhouse gas emissions. This involves using scientific techniques to understand the amount of greenhouse gases embedded in various products, services, or activities. It also measures the impacts from daily operational activities of each local government unit within an organization, calculating them in “carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 equivalent)” units. This allows us to know the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions associated with the choice of products, services, or activities, and subsequently helps us find ways to reduce these impacts.